Acrylonitrile, as a raw material for the production of acrylic fibers, ABS resins, etc., plays an important role in the production of synthetic and chemical fibers. The raw material for the production of acrylonitrile is propylene, and propane is used in new technologies that have not yet been commercialized. Unfortunately, despite the raw materials and suitable market, the production of acrylonitrile has not been realized in Iran. Apart from downstream petrochemical industries, the National Petrochemical Industries Company is also a consumer of acrylonitrile, so that the lack of a petrochemical unit to produce acrylonitrile has led to the annual outflow of about 100 million dollars of foreign currency for importation in recent years.
Acrylonitrile (ACN) is a colorless liquid with a mild and flammable odor, which has a flammability range of 3-17% in air and is also soluble in water and organic solvents. In the commercial production of acrylonitrile, this product is produced from the reaction between propylene and ammonia in the vicinity of air. This reaction, which is known as Sohio, is as follows:
2CH3-CH=CH2 + 2NH3 + 3O2 → 2CH2=CH-C≡N + 6H2O
In this method, hydrogen cyanide and acetonitrile are produced with 99% purity.
| Physical properties | Value |
|---|---|
|
flash point (°C) |
|
|
boiling point (°C) |
77.3-77.4 |
|
freezing point (°C) |
-83 |
|
Density (25°C) g/cm3 |
0.8004 |
|
Dissolution in water 100 g/mL at 20°C |
7 |
|
molecular weight |
۵۳.۰۶ |
| Description | item |
|---|---|
|
Halogenation |
Nitrile group reaction (hydration and hydrolysis |
|
Cyanotylation |
Reaction with olefins |
|
dimerization |
Reaction with aldehydes |
|
Polymerization |
Double bond reaction |
|
Hydroformylation |
Hydrogenation |
The most important applications of acrylonitrile include acrylic fibers, production of ABS/SAN resins, adiponitrile, acrylamide and nitrile rubbers. The following chart shows the distribution of the global market of acrylonitrile applications:
Propylene or propene is one of the most important monomers and raw materials of petrochemical industries and one of the most important light olefins. Currently, propylene is often produced as a byproduct of crude oil refining and ethylene production through the steam cracking reaction. This substance is mainly used as an intermediate feed in the production of various petrochemical products, among which, the most used propylene (about 65 to 68%) is in the production of polypropylene.
Propylene is generally colorless, has a low boiling point, is flammable, and is a very volatile gas compound and dissolves in water, ethanol, ether, and acetic acid.
Different grades of propylene have different uses. The uses of propylene in the production of various products include:
Acrylonitrile is a kind of volatile liquid compound and its chemical formula is CH2CHCN. Currently, the production methods of acrylonitrile are as follows:
1) Acrylonitrile production based on propylene feed
2) Acrylonitrile production based on propane feed
Unit 5, No. 7, Imam Khomeini St., Emad al-Islam St., Sahil St., Noor City, Royan City, Mazandaran Province
Unit 512, 5th floor, Palmyra commercial-administrative complex, Shahid Madani St., Narmak, Tehran, Tehran Province
Royan Petro Kimia Company (private shares) was established in 2013 with the registration date of 1663. . In the summer of 2014, this company became a member of the Association of Credit and Investment Banking Consultants and in 2022 succeeded in upgrading its rank to grade “B-3” in the fields of feasibility studies and investment opportunities in the petrochemical, refinery and chemical absorption industries.
Unit 5, No. 7, Imam Khomeini St., Emad al-Islam St., Sahil St., Noor City, Royan City, Mazandaran Province
Unit 512, 5th floor, Palmyra commercial-administrative complex, Shahid Madani St., Narmak, Tehran, Tehran Province
Royan Petro Kimia Company (private shares) was established in 2013 with the registration date of 1663. In the summer of 2014, this company became a member of the Association of Banking & Credit Investment Consultants and in 2022 succeeded in upgrading its rank to grade “B-3” in the fields of feasibility studies, introducing investment opportunities and financing in petrochemical, refinery and chemical industries.
